CNC-Portalfräse

CNC-Portalfräse
erste Inbetriebnahme, noch auf dem Frickelraumtisch
Beschreibung:	CNC-Fräse
Ort:	Werkstatt
Status:	work in progress (Was heißt das?)
Kontakt:	Daniel Bohrer, Kasalehlia, larsan, comawill, adnc
Usage Policy:	Benutzung erst nach Einweisung. Kaputtmachen und Reparieren nur von Spezialexperten.

Hinweis:
Diese Seite befindet im Aufbau, es können Platzhalter vorkommen und wichtige Informationen fehlen. Inhaltliche Bearbeitungen und Ergänzungen, sowie Formatierungen sind ausdrücklich erwünscht.

Uns wurde am 28.03.2014 eine CNC-Maschine überlassen. Nachdem wir sie unter Verwendung des mitgelieferten Industrierechners ansteuern konnten, stellten wir fest, dass diese Methode nicht viel Zukunft haben würde. Kein USB, beschränkte Geschwindigkeit, laut, Win98 will man nicht im Netzwerk haben, etc.

Da die Fräse alle ihre Anschlüsse über D-Sub-Buchsen herausführt, wollen wir einen anderen Controller verwenden, der die Motoren direkt ansteuert. Am 24.05.2014 haben wir mit einem Smoothieboard erfolgreich die ersten Schritte in diese Richtung gemacht.

Stand 27.06.2014: Wir haben uns ein eigenes Smoothieboard 5X zugelegt, das wird derzeit in Betrieb genommen.

Quick start

• Web interface: http://192.168.178.222/
  • Commands:
    • Home: $H
    • Get limit switch state: M119
    • Get position: M114
    • Move back, center, top: G0 F2000 X150 Y405 Z95
• Software bCNC
  • File → Serial → Port: socket://192.168.178.222:23
  • File → Serial → Controller: SMOOTHIE
  • File → Open, load GCode file
  • File → Pendant → Start starts web UI on local port 8080

Überblick

Fräse

Durch den Aufbau als Portalfräse ist es möglich, dass Werkstücke in y-Richtung über den Frästisch hinausragen können

Es handelt sich um (Stand 2014) eine etwa 15 Jahre alte Isel Automation Flachbett-Tischfräse CNC Multi K. Kaum gebraucht und vermutlich seit ~9 Jahren nicht mehr in Betrieb gewesen, bevor sie 2014 zu uns kam.

• maximaler Arbeitsbereich: (x,y,z) = (330 mm, 500 mm, 90 mm), abzüglich Befestigung und eingesetztem Fräser eher so z=70 mm
• Kugelgewindetriebe
• Zwei Endschalter pro Achse
• Derzeit zwei Frässpindeln verfügbar
  • Hochfrequenzspindel defekt, siehe TUWAT
  • Proxxon
  • Kress
• NEMA23 Schrittmotoren der Firma Nanotec 4T5618M3300

Motoranschlüsse an der Fräse

Die Fräse führt an der Hinterseite 3 D-Sub DE-9 Buchsen heraus, die je für die Ansteuerung der X-, Y- und Z-Achse zwei Polepaaranschlüsse bereitstellt. Pinbelegung D-Sub DE-9 Buchsen

1. Pol A
2. Pol /A
3. Pol B
4. Pol /B
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

In der Fräse selbst steckt keine Logik, die Achsen werden über drei D-Sub-Buchsen aus der Fräse herausgeführt.

Die etwas komische Belegung der CNC-Fräse

Endschalter

• X-Achse: Endschalter für min. und max. sind vorhanden
• Y-Achse: Endschalter für min. und max. sind vorhanden
• Z-Achse: Endschalter für min. und max. sind vorhanden

Die Entschalter mit NC (Normally Connected) an den jeweiligen D-Sub DE-9 Buchsen mit den Pins 5 (Common), 7 und 9 angeschlossen. Auf dem 25-Pol Kabel ist allerdings Pin 9 Common. Das sollte sich durch umlöten der Stecker an der CNC-Fräse aber ändern lassen.

Werkzeuge

Proxxon

• 230V, 100W
• 20k 1/min direkt am Gerät stufenlos verstellbar
• Wird direkt an den Rechner angeschlossen
• Mit Aufnahmen für verschiedene Einsatz-Durchmesser bis 3.2 mm
• Das vordere Lager wurde durch Proxxon kostenlos getauscht und ist somit wieder i.O.

HF-Spindel

• Wird von einem externen Netzteil mit Strom versorgt, das wiederum über "Fußpedal"-Anschluss mit Rechner ("HF-Spindel") verbunden wird. (Kann kurzgeschlossen werden, die Spindel ohne den Rechner zu betreiben.
• 50k 1/min

Werkzeug-Einsätze

• Siehe Bilder

• Als Beispiel könnten diese Spannpratzen dienen.
  • Vorstellung von 7 Befestigungsmöglichkeiten von Werkstücken im CNC-Umfeld.

Misc

• Produktnr. 148508
• Ident 9911 00042

• Unsortierte Bilder

Erste Experimente

Erste CNC Experimente

• Anschluss an ein SmoothieBoard
• Config angepasst (Siehe Upload von larsan)
• Mit Eagle und pcb-gcode gcode erzeugt, auf SmoothieBoard übertragen und ausgeführt
• Noch einige Probleme mit der Einstellung der Höhe(Z-Achse), da der Kleber unter der Platine etwas uneben war

Smoothieboard config

Smoothieboard 5X frisch aus der Verpackung, ohne aufgelötete Kontakte.

Eine erste config fürs Smoothieboard, liegt als config im Rootverzeichnis der µSD-Karte:

# NOTE Lines must not exceed 132 characters
# Robot module configurations : general handling of movement G-codes and slicing into moves
default_feed_rate                            200             # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for G1/G2/G3 moves
default_seek_rate                            600             # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for G0 moves
mm_per_arc_segment                           0.5              # Arcs are cut into segments ( lines ), this is the length for 
                                                              # these segments.  Smaller values mean more resolution, 
                                                              # higher values mean faster computation
mm_per_line_segment                          5                # Lines can be cut into segments ( not usefull with cartesian
                                                              # coordinates robots ).

# Arm solution configuration : Cartesian robot. Translates mm positions into stepper positions
alpha_steps_per_mm                           800             # Steps per mm for alpha stepper
beta_steps_per_mm                            800             # Steps per mm for beta stepper
gamma_steps_per_mm                           800             # Steps per mm for gamma stepper

# Planner module configuration : Look-ahead and acceleration configuration
planner_queue_size                           32               # DO NOT CHANGE THIS UNLESS YOU KNOW EXACTLY WHAT YOU ARE DOING
acceleration                                 500             # Acceleration in mm/second/second.
acceleration_ticks_per_second                1000             # Number of times per second the speed is updated
junction_deviation                           0.05             # Similar to the old "max_jerk", in millimeters, 
                                                              # see https://github.com/grbl/grbl/blob/master/planner.c#L409
                                                              # and https://github.com/grbl/grbl/wiki/Configuring-Grbl-v0.8
                                                              # Lower values mean being more careful, higher values means being
                                                              # faster and have more jerk
#minimum_planner_speed                       0.0              # sets the minimum planner speed in mm/sec

# Stepper module configuration
microseconds_per_step_pulse                  1                # Duration of step pulses to stepper drivers, in microseconds
minimum_steps_per_minute                     1200             # Never step slower than this
base_stepping_frequency                      100000           # Base frequency for stepping, higher gives smoother movement

# Cartesian axis speed limits
x_axis_max_speed                             1500             # mm/min
y_axis_max_speed                             1500             # mm/min
z_axis_max_speed                             300              # mm/min

# Stepper module pins ( ports, and pin numbers, appending "!" to the number will invert a pin )
alpha_step_pin                               2.0              # Pin for alpha stepper step signal
alpha_dir_pin                                0.5              # Pin for alpha stepper direction
alpha_en_pin                                 0.4              # Pin for alpha enable pin
alpha_current                                1.0              # X stepper motor current
alpha_max_rate                               1500.0           # mm/min

beta_step_pin                                2.1              # Pin for beta stepper step signal
beta_dir_pin                                 0.11             # Pin for beta stepper direction
beta_en_pin                                  0.10             # Pin for beta enable
beta_current                                 1.0              # Y stepper motor current
beta_max_rate                                1500.0           # mm/min

gamma_step_pin                               2.2              # Pin for gamma stepper step signal
gamma_dir_pin                                0.20             # Pin for gamma stepper direction
gamma_en_pin                                 0.19             # Pin for gamma enable
gamma_current                                1.0              # Z stepper motor current
gamma_max_rate                               300.0            # mm/min

# Serial communications configuration ( baud rate default to 9600 if undefined )
uart0.baud_rate                              115200           # Baud rate for the default hardware serial port
second_usb_serial_enable                     false            # This enables a second usb serial port (to have both pronterface 
                                                              # and a terminal connected)
#leds_disable                                true             # disable using leds after config loaded


# Extruder module configuration
extruder_module_enable                       true             # Whether to activate the extruder module at all. All configuration
                                                              # is ignored if false
extruder_steps_per_mm                        140              # Steps per mm for extruder stepper
extruder_default_feed_rate                   600              # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for moves where only the extruder moves
extruder_acceleration                        500              # Acceleration for retracts, mm/sec^2
extruder_max_speed                           1000             # mm/sec NOTE only used for retracts

extruder_step_pin                            2.3              # Pin for extruder step signal
extruder_dir_pin                             0.22             # Pin for extruder dir signal
extruder_en_pin                              0.21             # Pin for extruder enable signal
delta_current                                1.5              # Extruder stepper motor current

# Laser module configuration
laser_module_enable                          false            # Whether to activate the laser module at all. All configuration is 
                                                              # ignored if false.
#laser_module_pin                             2.5             # this pin will be PWMed to control the laser. Only P2.0 - P2.5 
                                                              # can be used since laser requires hardware PWM
#laser_module_max_power                       0.8             # this is the maximum duty cycle that will be applied to the laser
#laser_module_tickle_power                    0.0             # this duty cycle will be used for travel moves to keep the laser 
                                                              # active without actually burning
#laser_module_pwm_period                      20              # this sets the pwm frequency as the period in microseconds

# Hotend temperature control configuration
temperature_control.hotend.enable            true             # Whether to activate this ( "hotend" ) module at all. 
                                                              # All configuration is ignored if false.
temperature_control.hotend.thermistor_pin    0.23             # Pin for the thermistor to read
temperature_control.hotend.heater_pin        2.7              # Pin that controls the heater
temperature_control.hotend.thermistor        EPCOS100K        # see src/modules/tools/temperaturecontrol/TemperatureControl.cpp:64
                                                              # for a list of valid thermistor names
temperature_control.hotend.set_m_code        104              #
temperature_control.hotend.set_and_wait_m_code 109            #
temperature_control.hotend.designator        T                #

#temperature_control.hotend.p_factor         13.7             # permanenetly set the PID values after an auto pid
#temperature_control.hotend.i_factor         0.097            #
#temperature_control.hotend.d_factor         24               #

#temperature_control.hotend.max_pwm          64               # max pwm, 64 is a good value if driving a 12v resistor with 24v.

temperature_control.bed.enable               true             #
temperature_control.bed.thermistor_pin       0.24             #
temperature_control.bed.heater_pin           2.5              #
temperature_control.bed.thermistor           Honeywell100K    # see src/modules/tools/temperaturecontrol/TemperatureControl.cpp:64
                                                              # for a list of valid thermistor names
temperature_control.bed.set_m_code           140              #
temperature_control.bed.set_and_wait_m_code  190              #
temperature_control.bed.designator           B                #

#temperature_control.bed.bang_bang            false           # set to true to use bang bang control rather than PID
#temperature_control.bed.hysteresis           2.0             # set to the temperature in degrees C to use as hysteresis
                                                              # when using bang bang

# Switch module for fan control
switch.fan.enable                            true             #
switch.fan.input_on_command                  M106             #
switch.fan.input_off_command                 M107             #
switch.fan.output_pin                        2.6              #
switch.fan.output_type                       pwm              # pwm output settable with S parameter in the input_on_comand
#switch.fan.max_pwm                           255              # set max pwm for the pin default is 255

#switch.misc.enable                           true             #
#switch.misc.input_on_command                 M42              #
#switch.misc.input_off_command                M43              #
#switch.misc.output_pin                       2.4              #
#switch.misc.output_type                      digital          # just an on or off pin

# Switch module for spindle control
#switch.spindle.enable                        false            #

# Endstops
endstops_enable                              true             # the endstop module is enabled by default and can be disabled here
#corexy_homing                               false            # set to true if homing on a hbit or corexy
alpha_min_endstop                            1.24^            # add a ! to invert if endstop is NO connected to ground
alpha_max_endstop                            1.25^            #
alpha_homing_direction                       home_to_min      # or set to home_to_max and set alpha_max
alpha_min                                    0                # this gets loaded after homing when home_to_min is set
alpha_max                                    200              # this gets loaded after homing when home_to_max is set
beta_min_endstop                             1.26^            #
beta_max_endstop                             1.27^            #
beta_homing_direction                        home_to_min      #
beta_min                                     0                #
beta_max                                     200              #
gamma_min_endstop                            1.28^            #
gamma_max_endstop                            1.29^            #
gamma_homing_direction                       home_to_min      #
gamma_min                                    0                #
gamma_max                                    200              #

alpha_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                  50               # feedrates in mm/second
beta_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                   50               # "
gamma_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                  4                # "
alpha_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                  25               # "
beta_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                   25               # "
gamma_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                  2                # "

alpha_homing_retract_mm                      5                # distance in mm
beta_homing_retract_mm                       5                # "
gamma_homing_retract_mm                      1                # "

#endstop_debounce_count                       100              # uncomment if you get noise on your endstops

# Pause button
pause_button_enable                          true             #

# Panel
panel.enable                                 false             # set to true to enable the panel code
panel.lcd                                    smoothiepanel     # set type of panel 
panel.encoder_a_pin                          3.25!^            # encoder pin
panel.encoder_b_pin                          3.26!^            # encoder pin

# Example for reprap discount GLCD
# on glcd EXP1 is to left and EXP2 is to right, pin 1 is bottom left, pin 2 is top left etc.
# +5v is EXP1 pin 10, Gnd is EXP1 pin 9
#panel.lcd                                   reprap_discount_glcd     #
#panel.spi_channel                           0                 # spi channel to use  ; GLCD EXP1 Pins 3,5 (MOSI, SCLK)
#panel.spi_cs_pin                            0.16              # spi chip select     ; GLCD EXP1 Pin 4
#panel.encoder_a_pin                         3.25!^            # encoder pin         ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 3
#panel.encoder_b_pin                         3.26!^            # encoder pin         ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 5
#panel.click_button_pin                      1.30!^            # click button        ; GLCD EXP1 Pin 2
#panel.buzz_pin                              1.31              # pin for buzzer      ; GLCD EXP1 Pin 1
#panel.button_pause_pin                      2.11^             # kill/pause          ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 8 either
#panel.back_button_pin                       2.11!^            # back button         ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 8 or

# pins used with other panels
#panel.up_button_pin                         0.1!              # up button if used
#panel.down_button_pin                       0.0!              # down button if used
#panel.click_button_pin                      0.18!             # click button if used

panel.menu_offset                            0                 # some panels will need 1 here

panel.alpha_jog_feedrate                     1000              # x jogging feedrate in mm/min
panel.beta_jog_feedrate                      1000              # y jogging feedrate in mm/min
panel.gamma_jog_feedrate                     200               # z jogging feedrate in mm/min

panel.hotend_temperature                     185               # temp to set hotend when preheat is selected
panel.bed_temperature                        60                # temp to set bed when preheat is selected

# Example of a custom menu entry, which will show up in the Custom entry.
# NOTE _ gets converted to space in the menu and commands, | is used to separate multiple commands
custom_menu.power_on.enable                true              #
custom_menu.power_on.name                  Power_on          #
custom_menu.power_on.command               M80               #

custom_menu.power_off.enable               true              #
custom_menu.power_off.name                 Power_off         #
custom_menu.power_off.command              M81               #

# Only needed on a smoothieboard
currentcontrol_module_enable                 true             #

return_error_on_unhandled_gcode              false            #

# network settings
network.enable true
# enable the ethernet network services
network.webserver.enable                     true             # enable the webserver
network.telnet.enable                        true             # enable the telnet server
#network.ip_address                           auto             # use dhcp to get ip address
# uncomment the 3 below to manually setup ip address
network.ip_address                           192.168.178.222    # the IP address
network.ip_mask                              255.255.254.0    # the ip mask
network.ip_gateway                           192.168.178.1      # the gateway address
#network.mac_override                         xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.xx  # override the mac address, only do this if you have a conflict

Config die am 2023-09-17 vorgefunden wurde:

# NOTE Lines must not exceed 132 characters
# Robot module configurations : general handling of movement G-codes and slicing into moves
default_feed_rate                            200             # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for G1/G2/G3 moves
default_seek_rate                            600             # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for G0 moves
mm_per_arc_segment                           0.5              # Arcs are cut into segments ( lines ), this is the length for 
                                                              # these segments.  Smaller values mean more resolution, 
                                                              # higher values mean faster computation
mm_per_line_segment                          5                # Lines can be cut into segments ( not usefull with cartesian
                                                              # coordinates robots ).

# Arm solution configuration : Cartesian robot. Translates mm positions into stepper positions
alpha_steps_per_mm                           800             # Steps per mm for alpha stepper
beta_steps_per_mm                            800             # Steps per mm for beta stepper
gamma_steps_per_mm                           800             # Steps per mm for gamma stepper

# Planner module configuration : Look-ahead and acceleration configuration
planner_queue_size                           32               # DO NOT CHANGE THIS UNLESS YOU KNOW EXACTLY WHAT YOU ARE DOING
acceleration                                 500             # Acceleration in mm/second/second.
acceleration_ticks_per_second                1000             # Number of times per second the speed is updated
junction_deviation                           0.05             # Similar to the old "max_jerk", in millimeters, 
                                                              # see https://github.com/grbl/grbl/blob/master/planner.c#L409
                                                              # and https://github.com/grbl/grbl/wiki/Configuring-Grbl-v0.8
                                                              # Lower values mean being more careful, higher values means being
                                                              # faster and have more jerk
#minimum_planner_speed                       0.0              # sets the minimum planner speed in mm/sec

# Stepper module configuration
microseconds_per_step_pulse                  1                # Duration of step pulses to stepper drivers, in microseconds
minimum_steps_per_minute                     1200             # Never step slower than this
base_stepping_frequency                      100000           # Base frequency for stepping, higher gives smoother movement

# Cartesian axis speed limits
x_axis_max_speed                             1500             # mm/min
y_axis_max_speed                             1500             # mm/min
z_axis_max_speed                             300              # mm/min

# Stepper module pins ( ports, and pin numbers, appending "!" to the number will invert a pin )
alpha_step_pin                               2.0              # Pin for alpha stepper step signal
alpha_dir_pin                                0.5!              # Pin for alpha stepper direction
alpha_en_pin                                 0.4              # Pin for alpha enable pin
alpha_current                                1.0              # X stepper motor current
alpha_max_rate                               1500.0           # mm/min

beta_step_pin                                2.1              # Pin for beta stepper step signal
beta_dir_pin                                 0.11             # Pin for beta stepper direction
beta_en_pin                                  0.10             # Pin for beta enable
beta_current                                 1.0              # Y stepper motor current
beta_max_rate                                1500.0           # mm/min

gamma_step_pin                               2.2              # Pin for gamma stepper step signal
gamma_dir_pin                                0.20             # Pin for gamma stepper direction
gamma_en_pin                                 0.19             # Pin for gamma enable
gamma_current                                1.0              # Z stepper motor current
gamma_max_rate                               300.0            # mm/min

# Serial communications configuration ( baud rate default to 9600 if undefined )
uart0.baud_rate                              115200           # Baud rate for the default hardware serial port
second_usb_serial_enable                     false            # This enables a second usb serial port (to have both pronterface 
                                                              # and a terminal connected)
#leds_disable                                true             # disable using leds after config loaded


# Extruder module configuration
extruder_module_enable                       true             # Whether to activate the extruder module at all. All configuration
                                                              # is ignored if false
extruder_steps_per_mm                        140              # Steps per mm for extruder stepper
extruder_default_feed_rate                   600              # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for moves where only the extruder moves
extruder_acceleration                        500              # Acceleration for retracts, mm/sec^2
extruder_max_speed                           1000             # mm/sec NOTE only used for retracts

extruder_step_pin                            2.3              # Pin for extruder step signal
extruder_dir_pin                             0.22             # Pin for extruder dir signal
extruder_en_pin                              0.21             # Pin for extruder enable signal
delta_current                                1.5              # Extruder stepper motor current

# Laser module configuration
laser_module_enable                          false            # Whether to activate the laser module at all. All configuration is 
                                                              # ignored if false.
#laser_module_pin                             2.5             # this pin will be PWMed to control the laser. Only P2.0 - P2.5 
                                                              # can be used since laser requires hardware PWM
#laser_module_max_power                       0.8             # this is the maximum duty cycle that will be applied to the laser
#laser_module_tickle_power                    0.0             # this duty cycle will be used for travel moves to keep the laser 
                                                              # active without actually burning
#laser_module_pwm_period                      20              # this sets the pwm frequency as the period in microseconds

# Hotend temperature control configuration
temperature_control.hotend.enable            true             # Whether to activate this ( "hotend" ) module at all. 
                                                              # All configuration is ignored if false.
temperature_control.hotend.thermistor_pin    0.23             # Pin for the thermistor to read
temperature_control.hotend.heater_pin        2.7              # Pin that controls the heater
temperature_control.hotend.thermistor        EPCOS100K        # see src/modules/tools/temperaturecontrol/TemperatureControl.cpp:64
                                                              # for a list of valid thermistor names
temperature_control.hotend.set_m_code        104              #
temperature_control.hotend.set_and_wait_m_code 109            #
temperature_control.hotend.designator        T                #

#temperature_control.hotend.p_factor         13.7             # permanenetly set the PID values after an auto pid
#temperature_control.hotend.i_factor         0.097            #
#temperature_control.hotend.d_factor         24               #

#temperature_control.hotend.max_pwm          64               # max pwm, 64 is a good value if driving a 12v resistor with 24v.

temperature_control.bed.enable               true             #
temperature_control.bed.thermistor_pin       0.24             #
temperature_control.bed.heater_pin           2.5              #
temperature_control.bed.thermistor           Honeywell100K    # see src/modules/tools/temperaturecontrol/TemperatureControl.cpp:64
                                                              # for a list of valid thermistor names
temperature_control.bed.set_m_code           140              #
temperature_control.bed.set_and_wait_m_code  190              #
temperature_control.bed.designator           B                #

#temperature_control.bed.bang_bang            false           # set to true to use bang bang control rather than PID
#temperature_control.bed.hysteresis           2.0             # set to the temperature in degrees C to use as hysteresis
                                                              # when using bang bang

# Switch module for fan control
switch.fan.enable                            true             #
switch.fan.input_on_command                  M106             #
switch.fan.input_off_command                 M107             #
switch.fan.output_pin                        2.6              #
switch.fan.output_type                       pwm              # pwm output settable with S parameter in the input_on_comand
#switch.fan.max_pwm                           255              # set max pwm for the pin default is 255

#switch.misc.enable                           true             #
#switch.misc.input_on_command                 M42              #
#switch.misc.input_off_command                M43              #
#switch.misc.output_pin                       2.4              #
#switch.misc.output_type                      digital          # just an on or off pin

# Switch module for spindle control
#switch.spindle.enable                        false            #

# Endstops
endstops_enable                              true             # the endstop module is enabled by default and can be disabled here
#corexy_homing                               false            # set to true if homing on a hbit or corexy
alpha_min_endstop                            1.24^!            # add a ! to invert if endstop is NO connected to ground
alpha_max_endstop                            1.25^            #
alpha_homing_direction                       home_to_min      # or set to home_to_max and set alpha_max
alpha_min                                    0                # this gets loaded after homing when home_to_min is set
alpha_max                                    200              # this gets loaded after homing when home_to_max is set
beta_min_endstop                             1.26^!            #
beta_max_endstop                             1.27^            #
beta_homing_direction                        home_to_min      #
beta_min                                     0                #
beta_max                                     200              #
gamma_min_endstop                            1.28^!            #
gamma_max_endstop                            1.29^            #
gamma_homing_direction                       home_to_min      #
gamma_min                                    0                #
gamma_max                                    200              #

alpha_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                  50               # feedrates in mm/second
beta_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                   50               # "
gamma_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                  4                # "
alpha_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                  25               # "
beta_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                   25               # "
gamma_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                  2                # "

alpha_homing_retract_mm                      5                # distance in mm
beta_homing_retract_mm                       5                # "
gamma_homing_retract_mm                      1                # "

#endstop_debounce_count                       100              # uncomment if you get noise on your endstops

# Pause button
pause_button_enable                          true             #

# Panel
panel.enable                                 true             # set to true to enable the panel code
panel.encoder_a_pin                          3.25!^            # encoder pin
panel.encoder_b_pin                          3.26!^            # encoder pin

# Example for reprap discount GLCD
# on glcd EXP1 is to left and EXP2 is to right, pin 1 is bottom left, pin 2 is top left etc.
# +5v is EXP1 pin 10, Gnd is EXP1 pin 9
panel.lcd                                   universal_adapter     #
panel.spi_channel                           0                 # spi channel to use  ; GLCD EXP1 Pins 3,5 (MOSI, SCLK)
panel.spi_cs_pin                            0.16              # spi chip select     ; GLCD EXP1 Pin 4
#panel.encoder_a_pin                         3.25!^            # encoder pin         ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 3
#panel.encoder_b_pin                         3.26!^            # encoder pin         ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 5
#panel.click_button_pin                      1.30!^            # click button        ; GLCD EXP1 Pin 2
#panel.buzz_pin                              1.31              # pin for buzzer      ; GLCD EXP1 Pin 1
#panel.button_pause_pin                      2.11^             # kill/pause          ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 8 either
#panel.back_button_pin                       2.11!^            # back button         ; GLCD EXP2 Pin 8 or

# pins used with other panels
#panel.up_button_pin                         0.1!              # up button if used
#panel.down_button_pin                       0.0!              # down button if used
#panel.click_button_pin                      0.18!             # click button if used

panel.menu_offset                            0                 # some panels will need 1 here

panel.alpha_jog_feedrate                     1000              # x jogging feedrate in mm/min
panel.beta_jog_feedrate                      1000              # y jogging feedrate in mm/min
panel.gamma_jog_feedrate                     200               # z jogging feedrate in mm/min

#panel.hotend_temperature                     185               # temp to set hotend when preheat is selected
#panel.bed_temperature                        60                # temp to set bed when preheat is selected

# Example of a custom menu entry, which will show up in the Custom entry.
# NOTE _ gets converted to space in the menu and commands, | is used to separate multiple commands
custom_menu.power_on.enable                true              #
custom_menu.power_on.name                  Power_on          #
custom_menu.power_on.command               M80               #

custom_menu.power_off.enable               true              #
custom_menu.power_off.name                 Power_off         #
custom_menu.power_off.command              M81               #

# Only needed on a smoothieboard
currentcontrol_module_enable                 true             #

return_error_on_unhandled_gcode              false            #

# network settings
network.enable true
# enable the ethernet network services
network.webserver.enable                     true             # enable the webserver
network.telnet.enable                        true             # enable the telnet server
#network.ip_address                           auto             # use dhcp to get ip address
# uncomment the 3 below to manually setup ip address
network.ip_address                           192.168.178.222    # the IP address
network.ip_mask                              255.255.254.0    # the ip mask
network.ip_gateway                           192.168.178.1      # the gateway address
#network.mac_override                         xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.xx  # override the mac address, only do this if you have a conflict
#
#
#

Configuration after adding support for auto-homing on 2023-09-17

# NOTE Lines must not exceed 132 characters
# Robot module configurations : general handling of movement G-codes and slicing into moves
default_feed_rate                            200             # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for G1/G2/G3 moves
default_seek_rate                            1500             # Default rate ( mm/minute ) for G0 moves
mm_per_arc_segment                           0.5              # Arcs are cut into segments ( lines ), this is the length for 
                                                              # these segments.  Smaller values mean more resolution, 
                                                              # higher values mean faster computation
mm_per_line_segment                          5                # Lines can be cut into segments ( not usefull with cartesian
                                                              # coordinates robots ).

# Arm solution configuration : Cartesian robot. Translates mm positions into stepper positions
alpha_steps_per_mm                           800             # Steps per mm for alpha stepper
beta_steps_per_mm                            800             # Steps per mm for beta stepper
gamma_steps_per_mm                           800             # Steps per mm for gamma stepper

# Planner module configuration : Look-ahead and acceleration configuration
planner_queue_size                           32               # DO NOT CHANGE THIS UNLESS YOU KNOW EXACTLY WHAT YOU ARE DOING
acceleration                                 500             # Acceleration in mm/second/second.
acceleration_ticks_per_second                1000             # Number of times per second the speed is updated
junction_deviation                           0.05             # Similar to the old "max_jerk", in millimeters, 
                                                              # see https://github.com/grbl/grbl/blob/master/planner.c#L409
                                                              # and https://github.com/grbl/grbl/wiki/Configuring-Grbl-v0.8
                                                              # Lower values mean being more careful, higher values means being
                                                              # faster and have more jerk
#minimum_planner_speed                       0.0              # sets the minimum planner speed in mm/sec

# Stepper module configuration
microseconds_per_step_pulse                  1                # Duration of step pulses to stepper drivers, in microseconds
minimum_steps_per_minute                     1200             # Never step slower than this
base_stepping_frequency                      100000           # Base frequency for stepping, higher gives smoother movement

# Cartesian axis speed limits
x_axis_max_speed                             2000             # mm/min
y_axis_max_speed                             2000             # mm/min
z_axis_max_speed                             1000              # mm/min

# Stepper module pins ( ports, and pin numbers, appending "!" to the number will invert a pin )
alpha_step_pin                               2.0              # Pin for alpha stepper step signal
alpha_dir_pin                                0.5!              # Pin for alpha stepper direction
alpha_en_pin                                 0.4              # Pin for alpha enable pin
alpha_current                                1.0              # X stepper motor current
alpha_max_rate                               2000.0           # mm/min

beta_step_pin                                2.1              # Pin for beta stepper step signal
beta_dir_pin                                 0.11             # Pin for beta stepper direction
beta_en_pin                                  0.10             # Pin for beta enable
beta_current                                 1.5              # Y stepper motor current
beta_max_rate                                2000.0           # mm/min

gamma_step_pin                               2.2              # Pin for gamma stepper step signal
gamma_dir_pin                                0.20             # Pin for gamma stepper direction
gamma_en_pin                                 0.19             # Pin for gamma enable
gamma_current                                1.0              # Z stepper motor current
gamma_max_rate                               1000.0            # mm/min

# Serial communications configuration ( baud rate default to 9600 if undefined )
uart0.baud_rate                              115200           # Baud rate for the default hardware serial port
second_usb_serial_enable                     false            # This enables a second usb serial port (to have both pronterface 
                                                              # and a terminal connected)
#leds_disable                                true             # disable using leds after config loaded


# Extruder module configuration
extruder_module_enable                       false             # Whether to activate the extruder module at all. All configuration
                                                              # is ignored if false

# Laser module configuration
laser_module_enable                          false            # Whether to activate the laser module at all. All configuration is 
                                                              # ignored if false.
#laser_module_pin                             2.5             # this pin will be PWMed to control the laser. Only P2.0 - P2.5 
                                                              # can be used since laser requires hardware PWM
#laser_module_max_power                       0.8             # this is the maximum duty cycle that will be applied to the laser
#laser_module_tickle_power                    0.0             # this duty cycle will be used for travel moves to keep the laser 
                                                              # active without actually burning
#laser_module_pwm_period                      20              # this sets the pwm frequency as the period in microseconds

# Hotend temperature control configuration
temperature_control.hotend.enable            false             # Whether to activate this ( "hotend" ) module at all. 
                                                              # All configuration is ignored if false.
temperature_control.bed.enable               false             #

# Switch module for fan control
switch.fan.enable                            false             #

# Switch module for spindle control
#switch.spindle.enable                        false            #

# Endstops
endstops_enable                              true             # the endstop module is enabled by default and can be disabled here
#corexy_homing                               false            # set to true if homing on a hbit or corexy
alpha_min_endstop                            1.24^            # add a ! to invert if endstop is NO connected to ground
alpha_max_endstop                            1.25^            #
alpha_homing_direction                       home_to_min      # or set to home_to_max and set alpha_max
alpha_min                                    0                # this gets loaded after homing when home_to_min is set
alpha_max                                     200            # this gets loaded after homing when home_to_max is set
alpha_limit_enable                      false
beta_min_endstop                             1.26^            #
beta_max_endstop                             1.27^            #
beta_homing_direction                        home_to_min      #
beta_min                                     0                #
beta_max                                     200              #
beta_limit_enable                       false
gamma_min_endstop                            1.28^            #
gamma_max_endstop                            1.29^            #
gamma_homing_direction                       home_to_max      #
gamma_min                                    0                #
gamma_max                                    100              #
gamma_limit_enable                      false

alpha_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                  100               # feedrates in mm/second
beta_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                   100               # "
gamma_fast_homing_rate_mm_s                  20                # "
alpha_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                  25               # "
beta_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                   25               # "
gamma_slow_homing_rate_mm_s                  2                # "

alpha_homing_retract_mm                      5                # distance in mm
beta_homing_retract_mm                       5                # "
gamma_homing_retract_mm                      1                # "

home_z_first                   true

#endstop_debounce_count                       100              # uncomment if you get noise on your endstops

# Pause button
pause_button_enable                          true             #

# Only needed on a smoothieboard
currentcontrol_module_enable                 true             #

return_error_on_unhandled_gcode              false            #

# network settings
network.enable true
# enable the ethernet network services
network.webserver.enable                     true             # enable the webserver
network.telnet.enable                        true             # enable the telnet server
#network.ip_address                           auto             # use dhcp to get ip address
# uncomment the 3 below to manually setup ip address
network.ip_address                           192.168.178.222    # the IP address
network.ip_mask                              255.255.254.0    # the ip mask
network.ip_gateway                           192.168.178.1      # the gateway address
#network.mac_override                         xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.xx  # override the mac address, only do this if you have a conflict

Workflow

1. Model (CAD)
   • Erzeugen des Models mittels einer CAD-Software.
     • 3D
       • FreeCAD
       • LibreCAD
       • OpenSCAD
       • Blender
       • Fusion 360 - installiert auf Stratux
     • 2D
       • QCAD
       • OpenSCAD
       • Inkscape
2. Fräsanweisungen (CAM)

   Erzeugen der Fräsanweisungen/Maschinenanweisungen mit einer CAM.

   Wir suchen noch nach einer brauchbaren Open-Source Lösung.

   • CamBam (kommerziell, Windows): Es gibt eine ältere Mono Version für Linux. Die Demo schneidet nach 40 mal Starten Gcode ab.
     • CamBam ist auf Stratux installiert
   • FreeCAD mit Path Workbench (Vortrag dazu)
   • PyCAM (open source, plattformunabhängig): Sieht im Vergleich zu aktuellen kommerziellen Lösungen alt aus und ist bisweilen recht langsam.
   • HeeksCAD (open source, Windows/Linux):
   • Inventor HSM (kommerziell, Windows 64bit): Gibt für Studenten eine 3-Jahres Lizenz kostenlos, aber mit viel DRM.
   • FlatCam Tool zur Generierung von Maschinencode für das CNC-Fräse/Isolationsfräsen.
   • jscut, SVG nach GCode, läuft im Browser, Open Source auf GitHub
   • Inkscape mit GCodetools-Plugin (Tutorial)
   • Eigenbau by Drahflow Python-Script für Umwandlung von Tiefenkarten in G-Code.
3. Simulation
   • Eine Simulation der Fräsanweisungen kann bei Bedarf mit CAMotics durchgeführt werden
   • Kleinere G-Code Dateien simuliert auch http://nraynaud.github.io/webgcode/
4. Übertragen auf CNC-Controller Smoothieboard
   • Per Dateiupload (Datenträger von Smoothieboard, SD-Karte) SmoothieControl
     • notfalls kann man das SmoothieBoard auch über USB mit dem Befehl net in Pronterface oder über die serielle Konsole nach seiner IP-Adresse fragen
5. Koordinatensystem der Fräse setzen
   • Fräse per Smoothie WebApp auf den gewünschten Nullpunkt fahren
   • per Webapp den G-Code "G92 X0 Y0 Z0" senden (Setzt aktuelle Position als X:0, Y:0, Z:0 im globalen Koordinatensystem.)
6. Fräsen

Parameter für verschiedene Werkstoffe

Parameter finden sich sind auf der Unterseite CNC-Fräse/Parameter

Steuern des Smoothieboards

• Per seriell Verbindung über Konsole "screen /dev/ttyACM0 115200", oder Pronterface GUI
• Per Netzwerkverbindung über Konsole mit Telnet, oder Http Web UI
• Mittlerweile existiert sogar eine Android App SmoothieControl

• bCNC ermöglicht das Senden von GCODE-Anweisungen und Visualisierung der Fräsbahnen in einer GUI.

Weblinks

• Smoothieboard Projektwebseite
• GCodes (allgemein)
• GCodes (reprap)
• Vom Smoothieboard unterstützte GCodes (unvollständig)